Amagciwane e-Corona
Amagciwane e-Corona angumndeni wamagciwane angase abangele ukugula okusukela emkhuhlaneni ovamile kuye ezifweni ezibucayi kakhulu njenge-severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). I-coronavirus esanda kutholwa, i-Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) kuye kwaqinisekiswa ukuthi ibangela isifo esithathelwanayo, i-Coronavirus Disease 2019 noma i-COVID-19.
I-COVID-19 yaqale yatholwa ezimakethe zokudla kwasolwandle, zezilwane zasendle kanye nezezinkukhu e-China, futhi kusukela ngaleso sikhathi iye yasakazekela emazweni angaphezu kwangu-100, kuhlanganise naseNingizimu Afrika. NgoMashi 2020, iNhlangano Yezempilo Emhlabeni yachaza ukuthi i-Covid-19 inezimpawu zobhubhane. Ubhubhane ibhekisela ekubhedukeni emhlabeni jikelele kanye nokusakazeka kwesifo.
Indlela i-COVID-19 esakazeka ngayo phakathi kwabantu
Igciwane lisabalala ngezindlela eziningana ezihlukahlukene:
- Igciwane lisabalala lisuka emlonyeni noma ekhaleni lomuntu othelelekile lihambe ngezinhlayiya ezincane zoketshezi lapho ekhwehlela, ekhuluma, ecula, noma ephefumula. Lezi zinhlayiya zoketshezi ziba amathonsi amakhulu noma zibe amathonsi amancane kakhulu asemoyeni.
- Igciwane lisakazeka ngokuyinhloko phakathi kwabantu abasondelene kakhulu, ibanga elingaphansi kwemitha elingu-1. Umuntu utheleleka lapho ehlangana namathonsi aqukethe igciwane emehlweni, ekhaleni noma emlonyeni.
- Ezindaweni ezinganeni umoya noma eziminyene, amathonsi amancane kakhulu ahlala emoyeni futhi angahamba ibanga elingaphezu kwemitha elingu-1.
- Abantu bangatheleleka nangokuthinta izindawo ezinegciwane bese bethinta ikhala, amehlo noma umlomo wabo.
Isikhathi lapho abantu abathelelekile bedlulisela igciwane kwabanye
Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abathelelekile ezinsukwini cishe ezingu-2 ngaphambi kokuba nezimpawu kanye nokuqala ukugula. Abantu abagula kakhulu bangathelela abanye isikhathi eside.
Indlela abantu abathelelekile ababukeka ngayo
Lapho abantu bethelelaka, bangaba symptomatic, asymptomatic, or pre-symptomatic. Kokubili okuthi asymptomatic nokuthi pre-symptomatic kubhekisela kubantu abangenazo izimpawu. Abantu aba-asymptomatic bayatheleleka ngegciwane kodwa ababi nezimpawu. Okuthi pre-symptomatic kubhekisela kubantu abangakabi nazo izimpawu kodwa babe nazo kamuva.
Abantu aba-symptomatic bangase babe nezimpawu ezilandelayo zesifo esingesibi kakhulu kuya kwesibucayi kakhulu.
Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu
- Umkhuhlane
- Ukukhwehlela okomile
- Ukukhathala
Ezingavamile
- Ubuhlungu bamamasela
- Umphimbo obuhlungu
- Isifo Sohudo
- Ikhanda elibuhlungu
- Ukungakwazi ukuzwa iphunga nokunambitha
- Ukuqubuka
Izimpawu ezibucayi
- Ubunzima bokuphefumula noma ukuphelelwa umoya
- Izinhlungu esifubeni noma ukuphatheka kabi
- Ukungakwazi ukukhuluma noma ukuhamba
Ngingayinciphisa kanjani ingozi yokuthola i-COVID-19
- Ngokugeza izandla zakho njalo ngensipho namanzi
- Ukugeza izandla ngokokuhlikihla izandla okunotshwala
- Ukugwema ukuthinta ubuso bakho
- Ukwemboza umlomo wakho namakhala ngemaski ekulingana kahle
- Ukuhlala ekhaya uma uzizwa ungaphilile
- Ukuqhela kwabanye abantu ezindaweni zomphakathi
- Gwema ukuhamba okungadingekile kanye nezixuku zabantu
Ukwelashwa ngemithi
Njengamanje, ukwelashwa okukhona okokweseka iziguli ezigula kakhulu noma ezisengozini zesifo esibucayi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa:
Umoya-mpilo weziguli ezigula kakhulu kanye nokwesekwa okuthuthukile kokuphefumula njengokungeniswa komoya kweziguli ezigula kakhulu.
I-dexamethasone iyi-corticosteroid esetshenziselwa ukunciphisa isikhathi sokungeniswa komoya
Imigomo
Imigomo iyindlela ephephile nephumelelayo yokuvimbela isifo se-COVID-19 esingesibi kakhulu kanye nesibucayi kakhulu lapho umuntu etheleleka ngegciwane. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokusebenzisa izivikelo zomzimba ezingokwemvelo ukuze kwakhiwe ukumelana nesifo esithile, okwenza amasosha akho omzimba abe namandla. Ukuze ufunde okwengeziwe ngendlela imigomo esebenza ngayo, futhi ipheshana lethu elimayelana nemigomo lapha.
Imigomo ye-Johnson and Johnson, i-Pfizer, i-Sinovac and AstraZeneca iye yagunyazwa yi-South African Health Products Regulatory Authority (SAHPRA). Yonke imigomo kuphephile ukuyisebenzisa futhi iyaphumelela ekunciphiseni ingozi yokugula kakhulu.
UHulumeni WaseNingizimu Afrika uneNgosi Yemininingwane Yomgomo oqukethe okwakamuva okumayelana nokuthi ubani ofanelekele ukuthola umgomo kanye nondlela yokubhalisela ukugoma.
Ukuze ubhalise udinga:
- Ukuba ne-inthanethi
- Inombolo ye-ID kanye nenombolo yePhasiphoti
- Imininingwane emayelana nokuqashwa kwakho (umqashi oyinhloko kanye nendawo yomsebenzi)
Bhalisa usebenzisa ilinki: https://bookings.v4hcw.co.za/vax/
Ungabhalisa ngale mininingwane esikhungweni sokugoma uma ukwazi ukungena ku-inthanethi.
Ukuqonda izigaba nokuhlukahluka
Amagciwane amaningi, kuhlanganise igciwane le-SARS-CoV-2, ayashintsha ngokuguqula isimo sawo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngendlela ewenza atheleleke kakhulu futhi akwazi ukugwema ukusabela kwamasosha omzimba egciwaneni. Lokhu kuholela ekuguleni kakhulu. Lolu shintsho lubangela izinhlobo ezihlukile zegciwane le-SARS-CoV-2 okubangela ukwanda okukhulu kwabantu abathelelekayo ngenxa yohlobo olusha leli gciwane eshintshele kulo.
Isibonelo sohlobo oluhlukile, uhlobo oluye lwatholakala kubantu abaningi kakhulu eNingizimu Afrika phakathi nokubheduka kwehlandla lesibili, uhlobo lwe-Beta. Uhlobo lwe-Beta lunezinguquko ezingaphezu kwezingu-20 ekwakhekeni kwalo uma luqhathaniswa negciwane lokuqala le-SARS-CoV-2. Enye yala maphrotheni luyi-spike protein esiza igciwane lingene kumaseli omzimba wakho. Uhlotsheni lwe-Beta, i-spike protein ishintshe ngendlela evumela igciwane ukuba lizinameke kangcono kumaseli omuntu.
Izinhlobo zinganciphisa ukuphumelela kwemigomo, kodwa azenzi imigomo ingasebenzi.